Publications

Papers in Journals and Collections

A Cockburn and S Brewster. Multimodal Feedback for the Acquisition of Small Targets. Ergonomics. 48(9): 1129--1150. Taylor and Francis. 2005.

S Jones, M Jones, G Marsden, D Patel and A Cockburn. An Evaluation Of Integrated Zooming and Scrolling On Small Screens. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies. 63(3): 271--303 Elsevier Science. 2005.

M Moyle and A Cockburn. A Flick in the Right Direction: A Case Study of Gestural Input. Behaviour and Information Technology. 24(4): 275--288. Taylor and Francis. 2005.

A Cockburn and B McKenzie. Evaluating Spatial Memory in Two and Three Dimensions. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies. 61(3): 359--373. Elsevier Science. 2004.

A Cockburn and M Smith. Hidden Messages: Evaluating the Effectiveness of Code Elision in Program Navigation. Interacting with Computers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Human-Computer Interaction. 15(3): 387--407. 2003.

A Cockburn, S Greenberg, S Jones, B McKenzie and M Moyle. Improving Web Page Revisitation: Analysis, Design, and Evaluation. Information Technology and Society: Special Issue on Web Navigation. 3(1):159--183. 2003.

A Cockburn, B McKenzie and M JasonSmith. Pushing Back: Evaluating a New Behaviour for the Back and Forward Buttons in Web Browsers. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies. 57(5):397--414. Academic Press. 2002.

A Cockburn. Supporting Tailorable Program Visualisation Through Literate Programming and Fisheye Views. Information and Software Technology, 43(13):745--758. Elsevier Science. 2001.

T Bell, A Cockburn, B McKenzie and J Vargo. Digital Lectures: If You Make Them, Will Students Use Them? Constraints on Effective Delivery of Flexible Learning Systems International Multimedia Electronic Journal of Computer-Enhanced Learning Selected for inclusion in the journal (with extension) from the Proceedings of ED-MEDIA 2001 (see below). 2001. Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education.

A Cockburn, T Bell and B McKenzie. Death to the Office of the Nineties: An HCI Perspective on Some Problems in Modern Office Information Systems. Journal of Research and Practice in Information Technology, Special Issue on Human-Computer Interaction (HCI), 33(1):68--82. Australian Computer Society. 2001.

A Cockburn and B McKenzie. What Do Web Users Do? An Empirical Analysis of Web Use International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 54(6):903--922. Academic Press. 2001.

A Cockburn and S Greenberg. Issues of Page Representation and Organisation in Web Browser's Revisitation Tools Australian Journal of Information Systems, 7(2):120--127. 2000. (Reprint from OzCHI'99).

A Cockburn and P Weir. An Investigation of Groupware Support for Collaborative Awareness Through Distortion-Oriented Views International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, 11(3):231--255. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. 1999.

A Cockburn and S Greenberg. The Design and Evolution of TurboTurtle, a Collaborative Microworld for Exploring Newtonian Physics International Journal of Human-Computer Studies , 48(6):777-801. Academic Press. 1998.

A Cockburn and A Bryant. Leogo: An Equal Opportunity User Interface for Programming Journal of Visual Languages and Computing, 8(5-6):601-619. Academic Press. 1997.

A Cockburn and S Jones. Which way now? Analysing and Easing Inadequacies in WWW Navigation. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 45(1):105-129. Academic Press. 1996.

A Cockburn and S Jones. Four Principles for Groupware Design. Interacting with Computers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, 7(2):195-210. Elsevier. 1995.

HW Thimbleby, SP Marsh, SR Jones, and AG Cockburn. Trust in CSCW. In S Scrivener, editor, Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, pages 253-271. Ashgate Publishing. 1994.

H Thimbleby, A Cockburn, and S Jones. Hypercard: An Object-Oriented Disappointment. In P Gray and R Took, editors, Building Interactive Systems: Architectures and Tools, pages 35-55. Springer-Verlag. 1992.


Papers in Refereed Conference Proceedings

A Cockburn, C Gutwin and S Greenberg. A Predictive Model of Menu Performance Proceedings of ACM CHI'2007 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. San Jose, CA, 24-27 April. 2007, In press.

A Cockburn, PO Kristennson, J Alexander and S Zhai. Hard Lessons: Effort-Inducing Interfaces Benefit Spatial Learning Proceedings of ACM CHI'2007 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. San Jose, CA, 24-27 April. 2007, In press.

M Hancock, S Carpendale and A Cockburn. Shallow Depth 3D Interaction: Design and Evaluation of One-, Two-, and Three-Touch Techniques Proceedings of ACM CHI'2007 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. San Jose, CA, 24-27 April. 2007, In press.

G Ramos, A Cockburn, M Beaudouin-Lafon and R Balakrishnan. Pointing Lenses Proceedings of ACM CHI'2007 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. San Jose, CA, 24-27 April. 2007, In press.

T Bell, A Cockburn, A Wingkvist and R Green. Podcasts as a supplement in tertiary education: an experiment with two Computer Science courses Proceedings of MoLTA 2007: Conference on Mobile Learning Technologies and Applications. Auckland, New Zealand. 2007, In press.

T Amer, A Cockburn, R Green and G Odgers. Evaluating Swiftpoint as a Mobile Device for Direct Manipulation Input Proceedings of AUIC'2007 Australasian User Interface Conference. Ballarat, Australia 2007, In press.

J Hauber, H Regenbrecht, M Billinghurst and A Cockburn. Spatiality in Videoconferencing: Trade-offs Between Efficiency and Social Presence Proceedings of CSCW'06: ACM Conference on Computer Supported Coorerative Work. Banff, Canada. 4-8 Novemeber 2006, 413--422.

V Jurgens, A Cockburn and M Billinghurst. Depth Cues for Augmented Reality Stakeout Proceedings of CHINZ'06 Conference of the New Zealand Chapter of ACM SIGHCHI. Canterbury, New Zealand. 2006, 417--422.

C Gutwin and A Cockburn. Improving List Revisitation with ListMaps Proceedings of AVI'06 Conference on Advanced Visual Interfaces. Venice, Italy, 23--26 May 2006, 396-403.

A Cockburn and P Brock. Human On-Line Response to Visual and Motor Target Expansion Proceedings of Graphics Interface. Quebec City, Canada, 7--9 June 2006, 81--87.

A Cockburn and A Gin. Faster Cascading Menu Selections with Enlarged Activation Areas Proceedings of Graphics Interface. Quebec City, Canada, 7--9 June 2006, 65--71.

A Cockburn, C Gutwin and J Alexander. Faster Document Navigation with Space Filling Thumbnails Proceedings of ACM CHI 2006 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. Montreal, Canada, 22--27 April 2006, 1-10. Videos: AVI (24MB) MOV (20MB)

J Hauber, H Regenbrecht, A Hills, A Cockburn, M Billinghurst. Social Presence in Two- and Three-Dimensional Videoconferencing Presence 2005: The 8th Annual International Workshop on Presence. London, England. Sept 21-23 2005, 189-198.

J Looser, A Cockburn and J Savage. On the Validity of Using First-Person Shooters for Fitts' Law Studies People and Computers XIX (Volume 2): British Computer Society Conference on Human Computer Interaction. Edinburgh, Scotland. 2005, 33-36.

J Savage and A Cockburn. Comparing Automatic and Manual Zooming Methods for Acquiring Off-Screen Targets People and Computers XIX: British Computer Society Conference on Human Computer Interaction. Edinburgh, Scotland. 2005, 439-454.

A Cockburn, J Savage and A Wallace. Tuning and Testing Scrolling Interfaces that Automatically Zoom Proceedings of ACM CHI 2005 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. Portland, Oregon, 2--7 April 2005, 71-80. Videos: WMV (39MB), AVI (22MB)

S Blinman and A Cockburn. Program Comprehension: Investigating the effects of naming style and documentation Proceedings of the Sixth Australasian User Interface Conference (AUIC2005). Newcastle, Australia. January 2005, 73-78.

T Wright and A Cockburn. Evaluation of Two Textual Programming Notations for Children Proceedings of the Fifth Australasian User Interface Conference (AUIC2005). Newcastle, Australia. January 2005, 55-62.

L Rennie and A Cockburn. Aiding Text Entry of Foreign Alphabets with Visual Keyboard Plus Proceedings of the Fifth Australasian User Interface Conference (AUIC2005). Newcastle, Australia. January 2005, 119-125.

J Looser, M Billinghurst and A Cockburn. Through the Looking Glass: The Use of Lenses as an Interface Tool for Augmented Reality Proceedings of Graphite'04: International Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques. Singapore. 2004, pages 204-211.

V Buchmann, S Violich, M Billinghurst and A Cockburn. FingARtips -- Gesture Based Direct Manipulation in Augmented Reality Proceedings of Graphite'04: International Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques. Singapore. 2004, pages 212-221.

A Cockburn. Revisiting 2D vs 3D Implications on Spatial Memory Proceedings of the Fifth Australasian User Interface Conference (AUIC2004). Dunedin, New Zealand. January 2004, pages 25-32.

A Wallace, J Savage and A Cockburn. Rapid Visual Flow: How Fast is Too Fast? Proceedings of the Fifth Australasian User Interface Conference (AUIC2004).Dunedin, New Zealand. January 2004, pages 117-122.

A Cockburn, J Looser and J Savage. Around the World in Seconds with Speed-Dependent Automatic Zooming Demonstration in the Proceedings of the ACM User Interface Software and Technology (UIST Conference Supplement). Vancouver, Canada. 2003, pages 35-36. Video: AVI 15MB

A Cockburn and J Savage. Comparing Speed-Dependent Automatic Zooming with Traditional Scroll, Pan and Zoom Methods People and Computers XVII: British Computer Society Conference on Human Computer Interaction. Bath, England. 2003, pages 87-102.

A Cockburn and A Firth. Improving the Acquisition of Small Targets People and Computers XVII: British Computer Society Conference on Human Computer Interaction. Bath, England. 2003, pages 181-196.

A Cockburn and A Siresena. Evaluating Mobile Text Entry with the Fastap Keypad People and Computers XVII (Volume 2): British Computer Society Conference on Human Computer Interaction. Bath, England. 2003, pages 77-80.

T Wright and A Cockburn. A Language and Task-based Taxonomy of Programming Environments Proceedings of IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Formal Methods. Auckland, October 28--31 2003, pages 192--194.

T Wright and A Cockburn. An Evaluation of the Effects of Different Forms of Computer Supported Collaboration on Problem Solving Strategies Proceedings of CHINZ'03. Annual conference of the New Zealand Chapter of the ACM Special Interest Group on Human-Computer Interaction. Otago, July 2003, pages 99--104.

T Wright and A Cockburn. A Framework for Evaluating Multiple Language Programming Environments Proceedings of CHINZ'03. Annual conference of the New Zealand Chapter of the ACM Special Interest Group on Human-Computer Interaction. Otago, July 2003, pages 21--26.

M Moyle and A Cockburn. The Design and Evaluation of a Flick Gesture for 'Back' and 'Forward' in Web Browsers Proceedings of the Fourth Australasian User Interface Conference (AUIC2003), Adelaide, Australia, 4--7 February 2003, pages 39--46.

M JasonSmith and A Cockburn. Get a Way Back: An Evaluation of Temporal Lists Proceedings of the Fourth Australasian User Interface Conference (AUIC2003), Adelaide, Australia, 4--7 February 2003, pages 33--38.

T Wright and A Cockburn. Mulspren: A MUltiple Language Simulation PRogramming ENvironment Proceedings of the 2002 IEEE Symposia on Human Centric Computing Languages and Environments, Arlington, VA, Sept 3--6 2002 , pages 101--103.

M Moyle and A Cockburn. Analysing Mouse and Pen Flick Gestures Proceedings of the SIGCHI-NZ Symposium On Computer-Human Interaction, Hamilton, New Zealand, 11--12 July 2002, pages 19--24.

T Wright and A Cockburn. Evaluating Computer-Supported Collaboration for Learning a Problem Solving Task Proceedings of the International Conference on Computers in Education. Auckland, NZ. 2002, pages 266--267.

A Cockburn and B McKenzie. Evaluating the Effectiveness of Spatial Memory in 2D and 3D Physical and Virtual Environments Proceedings of ACM CHI'2002 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. Minneapolis, Minnesota, 20--25 April 2002, pages 203--210.

A Cockburn, B McKenzie and M JasonSmith. Evaluating a Temporal Behaviour for Web Browsers' Back and Forward Buttons Proceedings of the 11th International WWW Conference (Short paper). Honolulu, Hawaii, 7--11May 2002.

M Moyle and A Cockburn. Gesture Navigation: An Alternative `Back' for the Future Extended Abstracts of ACM CHI'2002 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. Minneapolis, Minnesota, 20--25 April 2002, pages 822-823.

L Butts and A Cockburn. An Evaluation of Mobile Phone Text Input Methods. Proceedings of Australian User Interface Conference, 2002, pages 55--59.

T Wright and A Cockburn. Solo, Together, Apart: Evaluating Modes of CSCL for Learning a Problem Solving Task. Proceedings of ACM CSCL'2002 Conference on Computer Supported Collaborative Learning, Boulder, Colorado, 2002.

T Bell, A Cockburn, B McKenzie and J Vargo. Flexible Delivery Damaging to Learning? Lessons from the Canterbury Digital Lectures Project ED-MEDIA 2001: Proceedings of the World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications. Tampere, Finland, June 25--30 2001, pages 117--122. Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education.

A Cockburn and B McKenzie. 3D or Not 3D? Evaluating the Effect of the Third Dimension in a Document Management System Proceedings of ACM CHI'2001 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. Seattle, Washington, March 31--April 6 2001, pages 434--441. Addison-Wesley.

B McKenzie and A Cockburn. An Empirical Analysis of Web Page Revisitation 34th Hawaiian International Conference on System Sciences, HICSS34 (CD ROM), Maui, Hawaii, 2001. IEEE Computer Society Press.

T Wright and A Cockburn. Writing, Reading, Watching: A Task-Based Analysis and Review of Learners' Programming Environments International Workshop on Advanced Learning Technologies, IWALT2000 pages 167--170. IEEE Computer Society Press.

A Cockburn and B McKenzie. An Evaluation of Cone Trees People and Computers XIV: British Computer Society Conference on Human Computer Interaction 2000, pages 425--436. Springer-Verlag.

A Cockburn and S Greenberg. Issues of Page Representation and Organisation in Web Browser's Revisitation Tools OzCHI'99: Australian Conference on Computer-Human Interaction, Wagga Wagga, November 28--30, 1999, pages 7--14.

A Cockburn, S Greenberg, B McKenzie, M JasonSmith and S Kaasten. WebView: A Graphical Aid for Revisiting Web Pages OzCHI'99: Australian Conference on Computer-Human Interaction, Wagga Wagga, November 28--30, 1999. pages 15--22.

S Greenberg and A Cockburn. Getting Back to Back: Alternate Behaviors for a Web Browser's Back Button 5th Conference on Human Factors and the Web, Gaithersburg, Maryland. 3 June, 1999.

E Ng, T Bell, A Cockburn. Improvements to a Pen-Based Musical Input System. OzCHI'98: The Australian Conference on Computer-Human Interaction. Adelaide, Australia. 29 November to 4 December, 1998. pages 239--252. IEEE Press.

P Weir and A Cockburn. Distortion-Oriented Workspace Awareness in DOME British Computer Society Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield. 1-4 September, 1998. pages 239--252. Springer-Verlag.

A Cockburn and T Bell. Extending HCI in the Computer Science Curriculum ACSE'98: Third Australasian Conference on Computer Science Education. Brisbane, Australia, 8-10 July, 1998 pages 113-120. ACM Press.

A Cockburn and A Bryant. Cleogo: Collaborative and Multi-Paradigm Programming for Kids APCHI'98: Asia Pacific Conference Human Computer Interaction, Japan, 15-17 July, 1998, pages 187-192. IEEE Computer Society Press.

N Churcher, A Cockburn, B McMaster and J Horlor. CUTE---The Design and Evolution of a First Year Programming Environment. Software Engineering: Education and Practice '98 (SE:E&P). Dunedin. January, 1998., pages 142-148. IEEE Computer Society Press.

A Cockburn and T Dale. CEVA: A Tool for Collaborative Video Analysis ACM Group'97: International Conference on Supporting Group Work. Phoenix, Arizona, 16-19 November 1997. pages 47-55. ACM Press.

A Cockburn and N Churcher. Towards Literate Tools for Novice Programmers Australasian Computer Science Education Conference ACSE'97. Melbourne, Australia, 2-4 July 1997. pages 107-116. ACM Press.

N Churcher and A Cockburn. An Immersion Model for Software Engineering Projects Australasian Computer Science Education Conference ACSE'97. Melbourne, Australia, 2-4 July 1997. pages 163-169. ACM Press.

A Cockburn and S Jones. Design Issues for World Wide Web Navigation Visualisation Tools. RIAO'97: The Fifth Conference on Computer-Assisted Research of Information. McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, 25th-27th June 1997. pages 55-74.

J Anstice, T Bell, A Cockburn and M Setchell. The Design of a Pen-Based Musical Input System. OzCHI'96: The Sixth Australian Conference on Computer-Human Interaction. Hamilton, New Zealand. 24-27 November, 1996. pages 260-267. IEEE Press.

A Cockburn and A Bryant. Do It This Way: Equal Opportunity Programming for Kids. OzCHI'96: The Sixth Australian Conference on Computer-Human Interaction. Hamilton, New Zealand. 24-27 November, 1996. pages 246-251. IEEE Press.

A Tay and A Cockburn. User Interfaces for Workflow Systems: Designing for End-User Tailorability. Short paper in OzCHI'96: The Sixth Australian Conference on Computer-Human Interaction. Hamilton, New Zealand, November 24-27, 1996. page 302-303. IEEE Press.

S Greenberg, C Gutwin, and A Cockburn. Using Distortion-Oriented Displays to Support Workspace Awareness. People and Computers XI: British Computer Society Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. Imperial College, London. 20-23 August, 1996. pages 299-314. Springer-Verlag.

S Greenberg, C Gutwin, and A Cockburn. Applying Distortion-Oriented Displays to Groupware. Video Programme of the ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work. Boston, MA. 16-21 November, 1996.

A Cockburn. Collaborative Usability Analysis Using Video Protocols. APCHI'96: The First Asia Pacific Conference Human Computer Interaction, Information Technology Institute Singapore, 25-28 June, 1996, pages 67-80.

A Cockburn and S Greenberg. Children's Collaboration Styles in a Newtonian Microworld. In Companion Proceedings of CHI'96. ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. Vancouver, April 13-18 1996, pages 181-182. ACM Press.

S Greenberg, C Gutwin, and A Cockburn. Awareness Through Fisheye Views in Relaxed-WYSIWIS Groupware Graphics Interface. Toronto, May 21-24, 1996, pages 28-38. Morgan-Kauffman.

SRA Jones and AJG Cockburn. A Study of Navigational Support Provided by Two World Wide Web Browsing Applications. In Hypertext '96. Seventh ACM Conference on Hypertext. Washington DC March 16-20, 1996. Pages 161-169. ACM Press.

AJG Cockburn and SRA Jones. Trails, Trials, and Tribulations: Unravelling Navigational Problems in the World Wide Web. In Proceedings of the 5th Workshop on Information Technologies and Systems (WITS '95). Nijenrode University, The Netherlands. 9-10 December., pages 46-55, 1995.

A Cockburn and S Greenberg. TurboTurtle: A Collaborative Microworld for Exploring Newtonian Physics. In ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Learning (CSCL '95). Bloomington, Indiana. October 17-20, 1995, pages 62-66. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc, October 1995.

AJG Cockburn. TurboTurtle: Educating Children in an Alternative Reality Universe. In Proceedings of the 1994 Computer Human Interaction Specialist Interest Group of the Ergonomics Society of Australia (OZCHI'94). November 28 to December 1. Melbourne., pages 99-105, 1994.

A Cockburn and S Jones. Four Principles for Groupware Design. In Proceedings of the 1994 Computer Human Interaction Specialist Interest Group of the Ergonomics Society of Australia (OZCHI'94). November 28 to December 1. Melbourne., pages 21-26, 1994.

AJG Cockburn and S Greenberg. Making Contact: Getting the Group Communicating with Groupware. In COOCS '93. The ACM Conference on Organisational Computing Systems. November 1st to 4th. Milpitas, California., pages 31-41, 1993.

AJG Cockburn. Supporting Social Awareness in Distributed Work. In P  Collings, editor, Proceedings of OZCHI 1993. CHISIG Annual Conference. Canberra. November., pages 224-241, 1993.

AJG Cockburn and HW Thimbleby. Reducing User Effort in Collaboration Support. In WD Gray, WE Hefley, and D Murray, editors, Proceedings of the 1993 International Workshop on Intelligent User Interfaces, Orlando, Florida. January 4-7., pages 215-218. New York: ACM Press, January 1993.

AJG Cockburn and HW Thimbleby. Automatic Conversational Context: Avoiding Dependency on User Effort in Groupware. In MJ Rees and R Iannella, editors, Interface Technology: Advancing Human-Computer Communication. Proceedings of OZCHI 1992. CHISIG Annual Conference. Bond University Australia, Queensland. November 26-27, pages 142-149, 1992.

AJG Cockburn. Reflexive CSCW and Managing Commitments. In IEE Colloquium on CSCW: Some Fundamental Issues. London, March 15, number 065 in 1991, pages 9/1-9/5. IEE, 1991.


Papers in Non-Refereed Publications

S Greenberg, C Gutwin, and A Cockburn. Sharing fisheye views in relaxed-WYSIWIS groupware applications. Technical Report 95/577/29, Department of Computer Science, University of Calgary, Calgary, CANADA., 1996.

S Greenberg, C Gutwin, and A Cockburn. Using distortion-oriented displays to support workspace awareness. Technical Report 96/581/01, Department of Computer Science, University of Calgary, Calgary, CANADA., 1996.

S Greenberg, C Gutwin, M Roseman, and A Cockburn. From awareness to teamrooms, groupweb and turboturtle: Eight snapshots of recent work in the grouplab project. Technical Report 95/580/32, Department of Computing Science, University of Calgary, Canada, December 1995.

A Cockburn and S Greenberg. The design and evolution of turboturtle: A collaborative microworld for exploring newtonian physics. Technical Report tr-cosc.03.95, University of Canterbury, Christchurch. New Zealand, 1995.

AJG Cockburn. Social awareness without mega-bits. In Proceedings of Uniforum. Rotoroa, New Zealand., 1994.

AJG Cockburn. Groupware design: principles, prototypes, and systems. PhD thesis, Department of Computing Science and Mathematics, University of Stirling, Scotland. FK9 4LA, 1993. Available from British Libraries, or as Technical Report 107 from the University of Stirling.

SRA Jones and AJG Cockburn. Reducing requirements in computer supported writing tasks, 1993. Paper presented at: 6th UK conference on computers and writing. University of Wales. April 13-15.

AJG Cockburn and S Greenberg. Making contact: getting the group communicating. Technical Report 93/498/03, Department of Computer Science, University of Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4 Canada, 1993.

AJG Cockburn and HW Thimbleby. Reducing user effort in collaboration support. Technical Report 93, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, FK9 4LA, 1992.

AJG Cockburn and HW Thimbleby. A reflexive perspective of CSCW. ACM SIGCHI Bulletin, 23(3):63-68, July 1991.


Articles that have nothing to do with computers...

Andy Cockburn (pseudonym Nady Knobfire). The Histories of Nettbar Krap: A Tale of Zealous Demigods. New Zealand Climber Autumn 2004.

Andy Cockburn (pseudonym Tim Ewaster). Lyttelton Waterfall Ice 9. New Zealand Climber Number 16. Easter 1996.

Andy Cockburn. 1995 Canterbury Rock Report. 1995 New Zealand Alpine Journal Volume 48.

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